Arrays of String | Hexainclude

Arrays of string can be represented using the two dimension character array.
An array having two subscripts is known as two-dimension array.
Two-dimensional array is a collection of rows and columns so it can be represented for arrays of string easily.
It can be represented as a series or collection of one-dimension character array. It allows storing data in tabular format.
Individual characters can be represented by Vij where ‘i’ value indicates the row number and ‘j’ value indicated the column number.

Declaration and Initialization of Two-Dimension Array:

We can declare two-dimension character array using the following syntax:

char str-var-name [row size] [column size] ;

Here, <row size> and <column size> specifies total number of rows and columns respectively.
The following example declares a two-dimensional string array with three strings.

char names[3][10] = { “SAME”, “SAMMY” , “SAHEER” };

Memory representation of string names can be given as follow

Here intersection of rows and columns creates a cell and each cell location can be identified by using its row index and column index.
For example, the location of the first character will be 0^th row and 0^th column ({0, 0}), for second element 0^th row and 1^st column ( { 0, 1 } ), 1^st row and 0^th column for thirst element ( { 1, 0 } ) and 1^st row and 1^st column for fourth element ( { 1, 1 } ) and so on.

Accessing Two-Dimension Array Elements:

We can access each character array elements by using its row index as well as column index within square brackets along with array variable name.
For example, to access the first string of the array names, you can use names [0], for second string names [1], and so on.

Dynamic initialization:

We can also initialize array of string at run time. It is referred to as dynamically initialization.
The following example uses for loop to initialize names two dimension array from user at run time.

for ( i=0 ; i < 2 ;  i++ )  //   iterates over rows
{
    printf(“\n Enter Names[%d]:”, i + 1 ) ;
    scanf( “ %s “ , &names [i] ) ;
}

The following program demonstrates reading four string and displaying on the screen.

/* Program to read and display four strings. */

#include "stdio.h"

void main(void)
{
   char names[3][10];    /* this declares stringarray gf 3 */
   int i
   
   clrscr();

   /* read data from the keyboard  */

  for ( i=0 ; i < 3 ;  i++ )  //   iterates over rows
  {
     printf(“\n Enter x[%d]:”, i + 1 ) ;
     scanf( “%s“ , &names[i] ) ;
  }

  /* display data on the screen  */

  for ( i=0 ; i < 3 ;  i++ )  //   iterates over rows
  {
     printf(“\n %s”, names[i] ) ;
  }

}