If…else statement | Hexainclude

If …else statement is an extension of simple if statement.
When we have two different path to follow,then simple if statement cannot be useful because if provides a single path to follow.
In such situation if…else statement is more suitable.
If…else statement helps to perform different actions based on true or false condition.
It has the following form:

Syntax:

if (condition)
{ 
   //true block;
}		
else				
{			
   //false block;	
}

If given expression evaluates to true then true block will be executed and if condition is false then else block will be execute.
In any situation only one block will be executed that is if condition is true then true block will be executed and else block will be skipped.
Similarly, if condition is false then else block will be executed and true block will be skipped.
When if and else statement has a single statement then brackets are not required but it is necessary when it contain two or more statements.
The above code fragment (part) will display odd or even number depending on the condition.

Example:

// Program to check if number is even or odd.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "conio.h"

void main()
{
  int n;
  clrscr();
      
  printf("Enter No: ");
  scanf("%d",&n);
  
  if(n % 2 == 0)
  {
     printf("'\n %d Number is even", n);
  }
  else
  {
     printf("\n %d Number is odd", n);
  }
  getch();
    
}

Conditional Statement:

Conditional statement is written using conditional operator also known as ternary operator.
The format of the conditional operator is as follow:

(Condition)? Statement-1 : Statement-2

It takes three operands.
If condition is true then statement-1 will be executed otherwise statement-2 will be executed.
We can also represent the condition for assignment operation like:

variable = (Condition)? Value-1 : Value-2

Here if condition is true then variable has assigned the value-1 otherwise it has assigned the value-2

commission = (sales > 50000) ? 2000 : 0;

In above example if sale is > 50000 then commission value will be 2000 otherwise it will be zero.
It is similar to if…else statement and we can rewrite conditional statement using if…else statement as follow:

if( sales > 50000)
      commission = 2000 ;
else
      commission = 0 ;