C, ,

Break:

  • A break statement can be used to terminate or to come out from the loop or conditional statement unconditionally.
  • It can be used in switch statement to break and come out from the switch statement after each case expression.
  • Whenever, break statement is encounter within the program then it will break the current loop or block.
  • A break statement is normally used with if statement.
  • When certain condition becomes true to terminate the loop then break statement can be used.

Break

  • In the following program demonstrates the use of break statement. Loop will be terminated as soon as the counter value becomes greater than 5.
/* program to demonstrate the use of continue */

#include "stdio.h"
#include "conio.h"

void main()
{
   int i;
   clrscr();
  
   for( i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++ )
   {
        if (i > 5)
            break;    // terminate loop 
        printf("\n %d ", i) ;
   }
   getch();
}

Continue:

  • A continue statement can be used into the loop when we want to skip some statement to be executed and continue the execution of above statement based on some specific condition.
  • Similar to break statement, continue is also used with if statement.
  • When compiler encounters continue, statements after continue are skip and control transfers to the statement above continue.

Continue Statement

  • The following example uses the continue statement to print upper and lower a to z alphabets
/* program to print upper and lower a to z alphabets using continue */

#include "stdio.h"
#include "conio.h"

void main()
{
   int i;
   clrscr();

   for ( i = 65 ; i<=122; i++ )    // loop through ASCII value for a to z
   {
       if(i >= 91 && i <= 96)
              continue ;       // skip unnecessary special characters.
       
       printf("| %c " , i ) ;   // print character equivalent for ASCII value. 
   }
   getch();
   
}

Exit:

  • An exit statement is used to terminate the current execution flow.
  • It is an in-built system function it is available in process h. header file.
  • As soon as exit statement is found, it will terminate the program.
  • It has single argument of zero. For example: exit(0);
  • the following program demonstrates the use of both break and exit statements.
/* Program to demonstrate the use of break & exit statement for basic calculation

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
   float x, y, z;
   int ch;
   clrscr();

   printf("\n1.Addition\n2.Subtraction\n3.Multiplication\4.Division\n5.Exit\n");
   printf("\nEnter your choice :");
   scanf("%d",  &ch);
   
   printf("\nEnter X and Y :");
   scanf("%f %f", &x, &y);
 
   switch(ch)
   {
      case 1: 
              z = x + y;
              break;
      case 2:
              z = x - y;
              break;
      case 3:
              z = x * y;
              break;
      case 4:
              z = x / y;
              break;
      case 5:
             printf("\n Good Bye!");
             exit(0);
      default:
              printf("\n Invalid choice! Please try again!");
  }
   printf("\n Answer is %.2f", z);
   getch();
}